A Graph Analysis of Topological Structure in the Bus Rapid Transit Transport Network of Lagos State

Abstract

The transportation system in Nigeria's city of Lagos is a complex network characterized by rapid urbanization, significant congestion, and a mix of formal and informal modes of transportation. This paper proposes a graph-theoretic framework for structurally and functionally modelling and analyzing the BRT (Bus Rapid Transit) terminal transportation system in Lagos using a vertex deletion algorithm. The system is represented as an undirected graph representing the Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) Lite system. The analysis yields a scale-free nature in the road network, with susceptibility to interference at nodes of high centrality such as Surulere. The BRT terminal, while successful along its route, lacks strong integration with the overall network. A graph-theoretic model offers a framework for guiding targeted investments to make Lagos’s transport system more efficient, inclusive, and sustainable.